Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome (CHS), a condition marked by recurrent episodes of severe nausea and vomiting linked to long-term marijuana use, has received its own distinct emergency room diagnosis code from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The designation, announced in a recent CDC study, reflects growing clinical recognition of the disorder, which has informally been referred to as 'scromiting'—a blend of screaming and 'vomiting'—due to the distress it causes patients.
The CDC reports that emergency department visits for CHS have risen sharply in recent years, with the increase most pronounced among individuals aged 15 to 34. Researchers note that the actual number of cases may be undercounted due to limited awareness among both patients and healthcare providers. The new ICD-10 code aims to improve tracking and standardization of care across medical facilities.
Dr. Sarah Chen, a gastroenterologist at a major urban hospital, explained that CHS typically develops after years of frequent cannabis use. Patients often go undiagnosed for months or even years, visiting multiple providers before the connection to cannabis is made, she said. Hot showers providing temporary relief is a classic symptom we look for. The condition is believed to result from the effects of cannabinoids on the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system.
Analysis of national emergency department data shows that CHS-related visits have more than doubled over the past five years in states with legalized recreational marijuana. While the syndrome remains relatively rare compared to other cannabis-related health issues, its impact on healthcare systems is growing. Experts emphasize that cessation of cannabis use is the only effective treatment, though symptoms may persist for days or weeks after stopping.
Looking ahead, public health officials are calling for increased education about the risks of chronic cannabis use, particularly among younger populations. Hospitals are beginning to implement screening protocols for CHS in patients presenting with unexplained gastrointestinal distress. Continued research is needed to understand why only a subset of heavy users develop the syndrome and whether genetic factors play a role.
Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome was first documented in the early 2000s in Australia, initially observed in long-term, daily cannabis users. Though still not widely known outside specialized medical circles, awareness has grown alongside the global expansion of cannabis legalization and decriminalization efforts. Medical literature now includes case studies, treatment guidelines, and diagnostic criteria to assist clinicians in identifying and managing the condition.
Cannabis Hyperemesis Syndrome Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis of CHS relies on clinical criteria, including a history of chronic cannabis use, cyclical vomiting episodes, and symptom relief with hot bathing. There is no specific laboratory test for the condition, so diagnosis is primarily one of exclusion after ruling out other causes of nausea and vomiting. Treatment during acute episodes may involve intravenous fluids, anti-nausea medications, and pain management, but long-term resolution depends on discontinuing cannabis use.
Key questions
- What is cannabis hyperemesis syndrome and what are its symptoms?
- Cannabis hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a condition associated with long-term, frequent marijuana use that leads to recurring episodes of severe nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. A distinctive symptom is temporary relief from hot showers or baths. The syndrome can cause dehydration and weight loss and often requires emergency care during acute episodes.
- How is cannabis hyperemesis syndrome treated and can it be prevented?
- The most effective treatment for CHS is complete cessation of cannabis use, which typically resolves symptoms over time, though recovery may take days or weeks. During acute episodes, patients may need intravenous fluids and medications to manage nausea and vomiting. Prevention involves avoiding chronic, heavy cannabis use, especially among adolescents and young adults who appear to be at higher risk.
