Health officials in New York have confirmed nearly 400 cases of cyclosporiasis as investigators continue to track a broader outbreak of the intestinal illness across the United States.
The illness is caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis, a microscopic parasite that can spread when people consume food or water contaminated with feces. The infection most often causes watery diarrhea that can last days or weeks if not treated. Other symptoms can include loss of appetite, weight loss, stomach cramps, bloating, nausea, fatigue and low-grade fever.
Nationally, at least 1,400 illnesses have been reported in the current outbreak, according to reports citing public health officials. Cases have been identified in multiple states, including New York, Maryland and Texas, where Houston health officials have reported 16 confirmed infections.
Investigators have not announced a single confirmed source for all illnesses. Past cyclosporiasis outbreaks in the U.S. have been linked to fresh produce, including leafy greens, herbs and berries. Because those items are often eaten raw, contamination can be difficult to eliminate once it occurs.
What health officials are advising
Public health agencies are urging consumers to rinse fresh fruits and vegetables under running water, scrub firm produce with a clean brush and refrigerate cut or peeled produce promptly. Washing can reduce the risk of exposure, though it may not remove all parasites from contaminated food.
People preparing meals should wash their hands before and after handling produce and clean cutting boards, utensils and countertops. Produce that appears spoiled should be thrown away. Cooking food thoroughly can kill Cyclospora, but many produce items linked to past outbreaks are typically served uncooked.
Symptoms usually begin about a week after a person ingests the parasite, though the timing can vary. Illness may appear to improve and then return. Anyone with persistent diarrhea, especially if accompanied by dehydration, fever or significant weight loss, should contact a health care provider.
Cyclosporiasis can be treated with antibiotics, most commonly a combination drug called trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. People who are allergic to sulfa drugs should speak with a clinician about their options. Infants, older adults and people with weakened immune systems may be at higher risk of complications from prolonged diarrhea.
Probe remains ongoing
State and local health departments typically interview patients about recent meals, travel and grocery purchases to identify possible links between cases. Federal agencies may also review distribution records and test food samples when a likely source is suspected.
Officials have not advised the public to avoid all fresh produce. Instead, they are emphasizing routine food safety steps and asking people with symptoms to seek care and report confirmed infections when requested by local health departments.
The investigation remains active, and additional cases may be reported as testing and interviews continue. Health agencies say timely reporting can help identify contaminated products and prevent further illness.
Key questions
- What is cyclosporiasis?
- Cyclosporiasis is an intestinal illness caused by the Cyclospora parasite. It can cause watery diarrhea, cramps, nausea, fatigue and other symptoms that may last for weeks without treatment.
- How can people reduce their risk during a Cyclospora outbreak?
- Consumers should rinse produce under running water, scrub firm fruits and vegetables, wash hands and kitchen surfaces, refrigerate cut produce and seek medical care for persistent diarrhea.
